Feature
Fiction has to be constructed carefully, without urgency: Arundhati Roy (IANS Interview)
By Saket Suman
New Delhi, Aug 30 (IANS) Just when the credentials of Booker winning author Arundhati Roy as a fiction writer were being questioned in literary circles, the acclaimed novelist, after a hiatus of two decades, returned with her second novel and, boom — it is again long-listed for the much-coveted award.
The author, however, feels there’s a world of difference between fiction and non-fiction.
“For me, there is a universe of difference between the two. So when I am writing non-fiction, I am writing usually with a tremendous sense of urgency. I am writing when something is closing down, some Supreme Court order has come or something very, very urgent. And I am writing to intervene. I am writing to argue. I am writing to try and open a space for discourse.
“But when I am writing fiction, I am absolutely without urgency. I have been epicly without urgency. I am trying to construct a universe very carefully, very minutely, and in the case of ‘The Ministry of Utmost Happiness’ I was also experimenting a lot with what fiction can do and how much it can push the walls. So there was absolutely no hurry for me in fiction whereas I have always written non-fiction with a great sense of urgency,” Roy told IANS in an interview.
On closer observation, Arundhati Roy’s tryst with writing has been carefully divided between carefree periods spent in writing fiction and the “urgent moments” of writing non-fiction.
Her first novel, “The God of Small Things”, may have introduced her to the literary world but it was not written overnight. After the separation of her parents, Roy spent a large part of her childhood in Kerala, where she came face to face with caste segregation.
There was also an underlying impact of her parents’ divorce on her life.
“My parents were divorced when I was about two years old and so I never knew my father. I had never seen him. It was just an absence, a void. My mother was and is very wonderful, but she was also very harsh; so I left home very early. Now it’s okay, I go back. But in a way, whereas everyone thinks of divorce as a very terrible thing, I don’t necessarily think that way. I think it was better to have a woman asserting her independence and growing into something wonderful like she did, than to live a life of suffering and to transmit that suffering to us. It wasn’t easy, but I don’t think it was a tragedy either,” she recalled.
All of these experiences and personal memories helped shape the larger narrative of “The God of Small Things,” at the centre of which was a broken heart. While it may not be well known, Roy’s first novel too took a couple of years to take its final shape.
But in the period between “The God of Small Things” and “The Ministry of Utmost Happiness”, she engaged in writing several books of non-fiction. These books, like “The End of Imagination,” which she wrote soon after India’s second nuclear test in May 1998, were her responses to urgent issues.
Her return to fiction with “The Ministry of Utmost Happiness” has been the most significant literary event of 2017 so far.
“I started writing it about 10 years ago but I was not in a frame of mind that I have to finish this book by so and so date. In fact, I wanted to live with these people (characters) for a long time to see how we got along together. I think writers are all different, but I am not that interested in writing at a very high speed. However, there is nothing wrong with writing quickly, there are writers who do it brilliantly. But to me it is a very layered universe,” she maintained.
The author also said that just like the nuclear bomb splits the atom, a lot has changed in the past 20 years and as a writer, she has evolved too along the journey.
“I am that much older, I have lived that much longer, I have seen that much more, I have been through so many universes and the world has also changed so much. I think we live in a time when technology has split the moment. It’s like Tilottama (a character from ‘The Ministry of Utmost Happiness’) is sitting there and watching the Jaguar and getting messages about Ghaziabad flats. The most intimate moments are shattered now,” she contended.
In a “world that is connected in a way like it never used to be and at a speed which it never used to be”, Roy, through her latest novel, has attempted to explore how fiction can take this challenge of changing times.
(Saket Suman can be contacted at [email protected])
–IANS
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Entertainment
Meghalaya Reserves Legalized Gambling and Sports Betting for Tourists
The State Scores Extra High on Gaming-Friendly Industry Index
Meghalaya scored 92.85 out of 100 possible points in a Gaming Industry Index and proved to be India’s most gaming-friendly state following its recent profound legislation changes over the field allowing land-based and online gaming, including games of chance, under a licensing regime.
The index by the UK India Business Council (UKIBC) uses a scale of 0 to 100 to measure the level of legalisation on gambling and betting achieved by a state based on the scores over a set of seven different games – lottery, horse racing, betting on sports, poker, rummy, casino and fantasy sports
Starting from February last year, Meghalaya became the third state in India’s northeast to legalise gambling and betting after Sikkim and Nagaland. After consultations with the UKIBC, the state proceeded with the adoption of the Meghalaya Regulation of Gaming Act, 2021 and the nullification of the Meghalaya Prevention of Gambling Act, 1970. Subsequently in December, the Meghalaya Regulation of Gaming Rules, 2021 were notified and came into force.
All for the Tourists
The move to legalise and license various forms of offline and online betting and gambling in Meghalaya is aimed at boosting tourism and creating jobs, and altogether raising taxation revenues for the northeastern state. At the same time, the opportunities to bet and gamble legally will be reserved only for tourists and visitors.
“We came out with a Gaming Act and subsequently framed the Regulation of Gaming Rules, 2021. The government will accordingly issue licenses to operate games of skill and chance, both online and offline,” said James P. K. Sangma, Meghalaya State Law and Taxation Minister speaking in the capital city of Shillong. “But the legalized gambling and gaming will only be for tourists and not residents of Meghalaya,” he continued.
To be allowed to play, tourists and people visiting the state for work or business purposes will have to prove their non-resident status by presenting appropriate documents, in a process similar to a bank KYC (Know Your Customer) procedure.
Meghalaya Reaches Out to a Vast Market
With 140 millions of people in India estimated to bet regularly on sports, and a total of 370 million desi bettors around prominent sporting events, as per data from one of the latest reports by Esse N Videri, Meghalaya is set to reach out and take a piece of a vast market.
Estimates on the financial value of India’s sports betting market, combined across all types of offline channels and online sports and cricket predictions and betting platforms, speak about amounts between $130 and $150 billion (roughly between ₹9.7 and ₹11.5 lakh crore).
Andhra Pradesh, Telangana and Delhi are shown to deliver the highest number of bettors and Meghalaya can count on substantial tourists flow from their betting circles. The sports betting communities of Karnataka, Maharashtra, Uttar Pradesh and Haryana are also not to be underestimated.
Among the sports, cricket is most popular, registering 68 percent of the total bet count analyzed by Esse N Videri. Football takes second position with 11 percent of the bets, followed by betting on FIFA at 7 percent and on eCricket at 5 percent. The last position in the Top 5 of popular sports for betting in India is taken by tennis with 3 percent of the bet count.
Local Citizens will Still have Their Teer Betting
Meghalaya residents will still be permitted to participate in teer betting over arrow-shooting results. Teer is a traditional method of gambling, somewhat similar to a lottery draw, and held under the rules of the Meghalaya Regulation of the Game of Arrow Shooting and the Sale of Teer Tickets Act, 2018.
Teer includes bettors wagering on the number of arrows that reach the target which is placed about 50 meters away from a team of 20 archers positioned in a semicircle.
The archers shoot volleys of arrows at the target for ten minutes, and players place their bets choosing a number between 0 and 99 trying to guess the last two digits of the number of arrows that successfully pierce the target.
If, for example, the number of hits is 256, anyone who has bet on 56 wins an amount eight times bigger than their wager.