World
Bigger black holes turn off star formation in galaxies earlier
New York, Jan 2 (IANS) Researchers have found evidence that the mass of black holes in the centre of the galaxy determines how soon its star formation stops, with bigger black holes turning off the process earlier.
Young galaxies blaze with bright new stars forming at a rapid rate, but star formation eventually shuts down as a galaxy evolves.
The study, published in the journal Nature, showed that star formation stopped earlier in those galaxies with bigger black holes than those with smaller black holes.
The findings reveal a close correlation between the mass of a galaxy’s central black hole and its star formation history.
Observational evidence of a connection between supermassive black holes and star formation has been lacking, until now.
“This is the first direct observational evidence where we can see the effect of the black hole on the star formation history of the galaxy,” said study-co-author Jean Brodie, Professor at University of California, Santa Cruz, US.
The new results reveal a continuous interplay between black hole activity and star formation throughout a galaxy’s life, affecting every generation of stars formed as the galaxy evolves.
Every massive galaxy has a central supermassive black hole, more than a million times more massive than the Sun.
It reveals its presence through its gravitational effects on the galaxy’s stars and sometimes powering the energetic radiation from an active galactic nucleus (AGN).
The new findings back up the idea that energy pouring into a galaxy from an active galactic nucleus turns off star formation by heating and dispelling the gas that would otherwise condense into stars as it cooled.
The study, led by Ignacio Martin-Navarro, a postdoctoral researcher at UC Santa Cruz, focused on massive galaxies for which the mass of the central black hole had been measured in previous studies by analysing the motions of stars near the centre of the galaxy.
To determine the star formation histories of the galaxies, Martin-Navarro analysed detailed spectra of their light obtained by the Hobby-Eberly Telescope Massive Galaxy Survey.
Spectroscopy enables astronomers to separate and measure the different wavelengths of light from an object.
The researchers used computational techniques to analyse the spectrum of each galaxy and recover its star formation history by finding the best combination of stellar populations to fit the spectroscopic data.
“It tells you how much light is coming from stellar populations of different ages,” Martnn-Navarro said.
When he compared the star formation histories of galaxies with black holes of different masses, he found striking differences.
These differences only correlated with black hole mass and not with galactic morphology, size, or other properties.
“For galaxies with the same mass of stars but different black hole mass in the centre, those galaxies with bigger black holes were quenched earlier and faster than those with smaller black holes. So star formation lasted longer in those galaxies with smaller central black holes,” Martin-Navarro said.
–IANS
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Lucknow: Vishal Singh, a renowned social worker from Lucknow, also known as Foodman, has once again made India proud. He was honored by the Happy Hands Gloves Cooperative Limited Company in Korathai, Thailand, for his work with the Hunger Free World Mission.
The Hunger Free World Mission’s meeting was held in Korathai, Thailand, under Vishal Singh’s leadership. Representatives from several countries, including Mr. Raja Dwivedi (Managing Director of Happy Hands Gloves Limited), Thailand Coordinator Mr. Raja Mishra, and member Mr. Varun Singh, attended the event.
Under Vishal Singh’s leadership, the attendees took a pledge to work together toward creating a hunger-free world.
Speaking on the occasion, Vishal Singh explained that the main goal of the Hunger Free World Mission is social participation. He said the mission is not just about feeding people but also about meeting other basic needs of those who are struggling. The mission focuses on helping families of terminally ill patients in hospitals by providing food and shelter. It also works to fulfill essential needs like education, jobs, and care for the elderly.
For the last 16 years, the Vijay Sri Foundation has been providing free services, benefiting thousands of people. Vishal Singh highlighted that the mission aims to gain global recognition like other organizations such as WHO, WWF, and Red Cross, which work for social causes.
During this meeting, Vishal Singh was appointed as the Chairman of the Hunger Free World Mission by representatives from various countries. They also discussed holding regular meetings in different countries to push the mission forward.
Business tycoon Dr. Abhishek Verma has also supported this humanitarian mission, vowing to promote the idea of “Seva Parmo Dharma” (Service is the highest duty) worldwide. Vishal Singh praised him, stating that people like Dr .Abhishek Verma inspire others to work for the betterment of society.
Recently, Romania’s Ambassador, Mr . Daniela Sezonov Ţane, invited Vishal Singh to the Romanian Embassy in Delhi, where they discussed the mission in detail. Impressed by his humanitarian work, she honored Vishal Singh and invited him to Romania to take the mission forward .
Food man Vishal Singh has been serving the people of India for the past 16 years. Through the Vijay Sri Foundation, he provides free meals to cancer patients & their families ,shelter, and education for women & children along with running free old-age homes in Lucknow.
In addition to his humanitarian work, Vishal Singh also addresses issues like crime and corruption through his role as Chairman of Seva Path Media and Managing Director of Vijay Sri Foundation.
During the COVID-19 pandemic, Vishal Singh and his team worked tirelessly to provide food and help to the needy, including starving children, elderly citizens, and pregnant women. Despite contracting the virus himself, he continued to assist others after his recovery. He even created a life-saving oxygen regulator using household items, which was praised by doctors both in India and abroad.
In his address at the meeting, Vishal Singh spoke about his mission to create a hunger-free world. He pointed out that India’s large population, along with issues like unemployment and poverty, has caused the country to fall on the Hunger Index. He urged people to contribute just one handful of grains daily to help create a hunger-free world.
He concluded by saying that through social participation, we can empower the people around us, meet their basic needs, and work together to build a stronger, more prosperous, and developed society.
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